Penstripe Student Planner Catalogue 24-25 - Flipbook - Page 120
6
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MATHEMATICS – SHAPE & SPACE
MATHEMATICS – DATA
Mathematics - data
A straight line is 180°
An obtuse angle is more
than 90° and less than 180°
A right angle is 90°
An acute angle is less
than 90°
1100
600
300
A reflex angle is
more than 180°
Brackets
Indices
Division
Multiplication
Addition
Subtraction
Bar graph
Histogram
frequency density
BIDMAS
frequency
Mathematics - shape & space
Used for discrete data.
Bars are all the same width.
Bar height represents frequency.
Used for continuous numerical
data which has been classified into
groups. Bars may be different
widths. The area of the bar
represents frequency.
Pie chart (Pie graph)
Cumulative frequency graph
850
750
Around a point
is 360°
The angles in a triangle
add up to 180°
Angles in a quadrilateral
add up to 360°
Parallel lines
Parallel lines
Parallel lines
Frequency polygon
z
f
b
Corresponding angles (f)
are the same
Supplementary angles (a & b)
add up to 180°
Trigonometry
c
H
c
e
us
n
ote
θ
sin θ =
b
Pythagoras’ theorem
c2 = a 2 + b 2
Ο
H
Sine law
a
=
sinA
A
opposite
SOH
=
hypotenuse
cos θ =
A
H
=
tan θ =
Ο
A
=
TOA
Remember! SOH CAH TOA
a
C
b
Perimeter, area & volume
l
Design Right and Copyright © 1997, 2016 Penstripe Y1
Rectangle
Perimeter = 2 (l+w)
Area = l x w
a
c
h
a
h
Parallelogram
Perimeter = 2 (a+b)
Area = b x h
Circle
Circumference = 2πr
Area = πr2
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Prism
Volume = cross section area x l
REMEMBER!
Perimeter is the 1-D length around a shape: m, cm
Area is the 2-D space inside a shape: m2, cm2
Volume is the 3-D space inside a solid: m3, cm3
Capacity is the amount something can hold: l, ml
Remember to start with the same UNITS!
Description
Mathematics – Shape & Space
120
l
Cuboid
Volume = l x w x h
r
frequency
x 360°
total frequency
The angles should add up to 360°
Used to show proportions of an
identifiable whole.
Line graph (Jagged line graph)
Scatter graph
Used for continuous data. Shows
relationship between two variables.
Used to show correlation. Drawing a
line of best fit allows estimation of
values of one variable from values
of the other variable.
LQ
M UQ
Useful for estimating median &
quartiles for grouped data. Plot at
the top end of the groups.
Box and whisker plot
lowest
value
highest
value
lower median upper
quartile
quartile
Clearly identifies the middle 50%.
w
l
h
b
Triangle
Perimeter = a+b+c
bxh
Area = 2
1/4
Size of angle =
May be used for both discrete
& continuous data.
Points should be plotted in the
middle of corresponding bars
(bar chart or histogram).
b
w
1/2
c
b
=
sinC
sinB
Cosine law
a2 = b2+c2–2bc cosA
b2 = a2+c2–2ac cosB
c2 = a2+b2–2ab cosC
1
Area of a triangle = 2 ab sinC
adjacent
CAH
hypotenuse
opposite
adjacent
B
A
O
a
p
hy
3/4
f
Alternate angles (z)
are the same
Vertically opposite angles
are equal
a
b
z
a
Page Ref.
Y1-5
Data
Averages
Discrete data
The MEAN of a set of data values is the sum of all the data
values divided by the number of data values.
Discrete data is counted and
can only take certain values.
Continuous data
Continuous data is measured
and can take any value
(within a range).
The MODE of a set of data values is the value(s) that occur
most often.
The MEDIAN of a set of data values is the middle value of the
data set when it’s been arranged in ascending order.
Description
Mathematics – Data
Page Ref.
Y1-6
Design Right and Copyright © 1997, 2016 Penstripe Y1
b
frequency
a
