Liontrust Sustainable Investment Annual Review 2023 - Flipbook - Page 9
Ozone – The hole in the ozone layer is under repair. According to
the UN environment programme, the ozone layer is now on track
to fully recover within the next four decades – which means the
hole will close and the layer will return to 1980 values, i.e. before
the appearance of the ozone hole. While this is dependent on the
world continuing to comply with the Montreal Protocol of 1989,
which outlawed the use of ozone-depleting circumstances including
chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), it is still hugely positive.
Malaria vaccine – Malaria finally gets
its vaccine – in fact two. GSK and the
Jenner Institute have launched vaccines
that will help to control a disease that in
2020 infected 249 million people and
killed 608,000 (80% of these deaths were
in children under the age of five). Boosting
immunity in children will dramatically reduce the
impact of this dreadful disease.
World emissions of ozone-depleting substances
1,800,000
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
Halons
Carbon Tetrachloride (CTC)
Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs)
Methyl Bromide (MB)
Methyl Chloroform (TCA)
1,600,000
1,400,000
1,200,000
1,000,000
800,000
600,000
400,000
200,000
0
2021
2019
2020
2018
2017
2016
2015
2013
2014
2012
2011
2010
2009
2007
2008
2005
2006
2004
2003
2002
2001
1999
2000
1998
1997
1996
1995
1994
1993
1992
1991
1990
1989
1986
-200,000
Source: UN Environment Programme (UNEP) 2023 and NASA Ozone Watch. Annual consumption of ozone-depleting substances.
Emissions of each gas are given in ODP tonnes. In some years, gases can have negative consumption values. This occurs when countries
destroy or export gases that were produced in previous years (i.e. stockpiles).
Liontrust Sustainable Investment: Annual Review 2023 - 9