Desalination & Reuse Handbook - Flipbook - Page 67
FEATURED REUSE PLANTS
ASHALIM SOLAR
POWER PLANT
The 121 MW Ashalim solar power plant in the Negev desert is Israel’s
first utility-scale Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) thermal power plant.
The plant’s former reliance on local freshwater reserves led the operator,
GE Energy, to seek a solution allowing the reuse of treated blowdown
wastewater as make-up and ultrapure water, minimising wastewater
discharged to evaporation pools.
In January 2014 GE Energy contracted Fluence to supply their Nirobox
containerised water reuse system to the facility. The system was
commissioned in October 2017 with a capacity of 30 m3/h, of which
two thirds is used as cooling make-up and the remainder as boiler feed.
Permeate from the first stage (65% recovery) is used for cooling, while
a portion undergoes a second stage of RO treatment (bringing recovery
up to 90%), followed by gas transfer membrane (GTM) and continuous
electrodeionisation (CEDI) treatment stages before use as boiler feed.
The two RO stages operate at pressures of 12–14 and 14–16 BAR, with an
overall energy consumption of 3 kWh/m3.
The containerised plant allowed the majority of related works to be
conducted off-site and reduced installation time, construction costs
and system footprint. With an emphasis placed on maximising system
Plant location
Ashalim, Israel
Total capacity
20 m³/hr cooling makeup
10 m3/hr demin. water for boiler feed
Date awarded
January 2014
Date commissioned
October 2017
Feedwater TDS
Up to 7,000 ppm
Product recovery
RO1-65%, RO2-90%
Feedwater temperature
20–32 °C
RO Process description
Double pass RO, GTM, EDI
RO Operating pressure
Stage 1: 12–14 BAR
Stage 2: 14–16 BAR
Intake
Blowdown from cooling tower
Concentrate disposal
Drain disposal pit
Number of trains
2x100%
Energy consumption
3 kWh/m3
Energy recovery device
N.A.
Pretreatment system
DOW UF
RO Membrane supplier
DOW
Disinfection
Chlorine washes
RO equipment suppliers Grundfos, BEL, ABB, SICK, EGE
availability and reliability, the system includes a second RO train
to provide 100% redundancy, meaning that production is not
interrupted during cleaning.
Other components used included DOW UF and RO membranes,
BEL pressure vessels, and a control system furnished by ABB. The
continuous operation of the wastewater reuse system led to a 50%
reduction in freshwater consumption at the power plant, and an
80% reduction in effluent discharge.
BISHUI UNDERGROUND WWTP
The upgrade of the Bishui WWTP is emblematic of the wastewater treatment
infrastructure drive that has been gathering speed in China since 2010. Originally
constructed with a capacity of 100,000 m3/d for a service population of 700,000 in
2002, the increasing local population and high levels of pollution in the nearby river
drove the upgrade of the plant with the addition of advanced treatment, almost doubling
the treatment capacity. Treated effluent from the plant meets Class IV standards for
surface water and is used towards environmental replenishment of the nearby river.
The advanced treatment stages added to the facility included 26 UF trains supplied
by Fenco, and a UV system supplied by Trojan. The update also reduced the plant’s
footprint from 230,000 m2 to 73,000 m2. The underground reconstruction of the
plant made space for the construction of a recreation area, artificial wetlands and a
water garden.
Plant location
Beijing, China
Treatment capacity
180,000 m3/d
Startup date
January 2017
Average feedwater
TSS
150 ppm
Feedwater
temperature
14–23°C
Treatment
Step-feed multistage A/O
High-efficiency settling tank
Ultrafiltration
UV disinfection
Number of UF trains
26
UF supplier
Fenco
UV supplier
Trojan
Energy consumption
0.71 kWh/m3
Product water quality COD ≤30 mg/l
NH4+-N ≤1.5 mg/l
TP ≤0.3 mg/l
EPC contractor
China Construction Third
Engineering Bureau
Co., Ltd.
Project cost
CNY1.14 billion
($167 million)
System footprint
73,000 m2
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