Desalination & Reuse Handbook - Flipbook - Page 13
THE YEAR IN SCARCITY
Windhoek (Namibia)
Tariffs
A growing population, expanding industry, and drying
climate have placed increasing pressure on Namibia’s
water supply in recent years. Water tariffs increased by
100% between 2012 and 2018, as Namibia’s government
and NamWater strove to encourage water savings and
fund supply augmentation from more expensive, climate
independent sources such as desalination.
Fixed charges per month
Water: $2.98
Wastewater: $0.00
Sales tax
Water: 0
Wastewater: 0
Volumetric charges: increasing
Water: Block (m3)
0.0-6.0
6.0-30.0
30.0-45.0
>45.0
$/m3
1.42
2.21
4.08
9.4
Wastewater: Block (m3)
>0.0
$/m3
0.98
Benchmark tariff (15 m3/month)
Legend
Fixed water costs
Variable water costs
$3.08/m³
Variable wastewater costs
0.20
1.90
0.98
Source: Global Water Leaders Group
Direct potable reuse in Namibia and beyond
DPR has been established in Namibia since 1968, and no other pipe-to-pipe system for potable reuse are currently in
operation. Instead, most examples of potable reuse discharge recycled water into rivers or reservoirs before the blended
water undergoes conventional treatment, as is the case in Beaufort, South Africa. The southern USA is the most likely prospect
for additional uptake of potable reuse, especially in Texas where several temporary projects have been executed and several
more are planned.
NAMIBIA
Goreangab Water Reclamation Plant
The world’s first large-scale
DPR project, providing
around 12% of Windhoek's
water supply by 2002.
SOUTH AFRICA
Gammams DPR Plant
A proposed plant to treat sewage
effluent from the Gammams WTP
and provide potable water for the
Windhoek region. It will more than
double Namibia’s current DPR capacity.
New Goreangab Water
Reclamation Plant
Replaced the original
Goreangab plant, providing
more than triple the ouput via
a modernised treatment train.
Beaufort West Wastewater Reclamation Plant
Treated wastewater blended with treated surface
and groundwater at a minimum ratio of 30:70.
Denver DPR Demonstration Plant,
Colorado, 3,785 m3/d
El Paso*, Texas
37,850 m3/d
Big Spring,
Texas
9,462 m3/d
Wichita Falls, Texas
28,400 m3/d
Goreangab Water
Reclamation Plant
4,800-7,000 m3/d
New Goreangab Water
Reclamation Plant
21,000 m3/d
Gammams DPR plant*
25,000 m3/d
Beaufort West Wastewater
Reclamation Plant
2,000 m3/d
Source: GWI
*planned
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