3 Gasesoperations, when the operator is close to 3.1 Health effectsthe source of nitrogen oxides.The potential health effects fromCarbon monoxide and carbon dioxideinhalation of shielding gases orpollutant gases generated by theCarbon monoxide and carbon dioxidewelding process are:are formed by the combustion offuel gases. They are also producedduring MMA and FCAW by the actionof heat on compounds in the flux.Carbon monoxide may be generatedin significant quantities duringMAG welding using shielding gasescontaining carbon dioxide.Levels of carbon monoxide and carbondioxide generated by welding andallied processes do not usually presenta health risk. An exception could be theuse of a carbon-dioxide-based shieldinggas when working in confined spaces.Organic vapoursIrritation of the respiratory tractInhalation of nitrogen oxides can beserious and even fatal. People exposedto nitrogen oxides may at first sufferlittle or no discomfort, or symptomsthat can seem trivial, including adry irritating cough and tightness ofthe chest. Within 24 hours, however,they may develop serious pulmonaryoedema (waterlogging of the lungs).Ozone at low concentration irritatesthe throat and airways, and stingsthe eyes. At higher concentrations itcan cause bronchitis, pneumonia andlung damage, and at high enoughconcentrations it can be fatal.A complex mixture of organic vapourscan be produced during welding orcutting of metals carrying paint or other Trichloroethylene, which may beorganic surface coatings, or solvent from present following metal degreasing,degreasing operations.breaks down at the high temperaturesThough these vapours can contain toxic created by welding. The initial productsare mainly hydrochloric acid andmaterial such as phosgene, in generalthe concentrations are well below their dichloroacetyl chloride, both of whichirritate the eyes and respiratory tractexposure limits.to the extent that the welder is likely tostop work before serious health damageoccurs. Later breakdown products oftrichloroethylene include phosgene,which can cause fatal pulmonaryoedema with delayed onset.AsphyxiationShielding gas mixtures are typicallyargon-based containing varyingpercentages of helium, carbon dioxide,hydrogen or oxygen. Shielding gasescontain little or no oxygen, so under10
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