Penstripe Student Planner Catalogue 24-25 - Flipbook - Page 173
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LITERACY (PAGE 3)
NUMERACY - DATA
Mathematics - data
The simple sentence has:
one main clause
one subject
and of course… clear punctuation
one verb
A simple sentence can be very simple. Our example: The dog barked.
Brackets
Indices
Division
Multiplication
Addition
Subtraction
Your example:
Or you can modify a simple sentence by adding adjectives and adverbs for extra information.
Our example: The big black dog moved swiftly and barked loudly.
Frequency polygon
Bar graph
Histogram
frequency density
BIDMAS
You can influence the response of your readers by using a variety of sentence structures.
frequency
Literacy
Writing sentences
Used for discrete data.
Bars are all the same width.
Bar height represents frequency.
Used for continuous numerical
data which has been classified into
groups. Bars may be different
widths. The area of the bar
represents frequency.
Pie chart (Pie graph)
Cumulative frequency graph
The compound sentence has:
two or more main clauses joined with the connective 'and', 'but', 'or'
Our example: David likes music and Susan likes shopping.
frequency
Your example:
3/4
1/2
1/4
Your example:
The complex sentence has:
one main clause and one or more additional clauses
connectives to link clauses
and of course…clear punctuation
Complex sentences can be organised in a variety of ways to achieve different effects.
Size of angle =
frequency
x 360°
total frequency
May be used for both discrete
& continuous data.
Points should be plotted in the
middle of corresponding bars
(bar chart or histogram).
The angles should add up to 360°
Used to show proportions of an
identifiable whole.
Line graph (Jagged line graph)
Scatter graph
Used for continuous data. Shows
relationship between two variables.
Used to show correlation. Drawing a
line of best fit allows estimation of
values of one variable from values
of the other variable.
LQ
M UQ
Useful for estimating median &
quartiles for grouped data. Plot at
the top end of the groups.
Box and whisker plot
Extra information can be added after the main clause:
Our example: Sweets are very nice although they are bad for your health.
Your example:
Or extra information can be placed before the main clause:
lowest
value
Our example: Although they are bad for your health, sweets are very nice.
Your example:
Or extra information can even be embedded within the main clause,
between the subject and the verb.
highest
value
lower median upper
quartile
quartile
Clearly identifies the middle 50%.
Our example: Sweets, although they are bad for your health, are very nice.
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Subordinate clauses
Using subordinate clauses can add a range of ideas to your sentences.
Common subordinators:
Time (after, when, as, before, since, while, until)
Place (where, wherever)
Condition (unless, if, supposing)
Reason (because, since, as)
Contrast (whereas, whilst)
Concession (although, though) Describing (who, which, that, whose)
Averages
Discrete data
The MEAN of a set of data values is the sum of all the data
values divided by the number of data values.
Discrete data is counted and
can only take certain values.
Continuous data
Continuous data is measured
and can take any value
(within a range).
The MODE of a set of data values is the value(s) that occur
most often.
The MEDIAN of a set of data values is the middle value of the
data set when it’s been arranged in ascending order.
Try using these connectives to build more complex sentences of your own.
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Literacy (page 3)
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Data
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Description
Numeracy - data
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Your example:
