Penstripe Student Planner Catalogue 24-25 - Flipbook - Page 172
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CHOOSE YOUR PENSTRIPE PAGES
LITERACY (PAGE 1)
LITERACY (PAGE 2)
Literacy
Literacy
Punctuation
Words to talk about language
The following terms will help you understand and discuss the skills you use in your reading
and writing.
TERM
DEFINITION
Subject
The main focus of a sentence
The boy dreamed of owning a
shop in London.
Noun
A word used to identify a person,
place, object or idea
The boy dreamed of owning a
shop in London.
When you write, it is punctuation that helps you to make the meaning clear.
Reading your work aloud, to see how your voice pauses or falls, will help you to find points
where punctuation is needed.
EXAMPLE
Pronoun
A word used in the place of one or
more nouns
She said they would never
find it.
Verb
A word or phrase that indicates an
action or state of being
She waited beside the lift,
hoping he would see her.
Phrase
Two or more linked words in a sentence
that don’t make full sense on their own
I avoid dangerous situations.
Clause
Part of a sentence containing a verb
From the window, in the
distance, you can see the hills.
Full Stop
Place a full stop at the end of a sentence that is not a
direct question or exclamation.
Our example: The door was closed.
Your example:
Comma
Use a comma to indicate a natural pause in direct speech and to
separate three or more items in a list or series.
Our examples: I bought a board game, several books, a pen and a ruler.
“Yes, the game will be played today.”
Your example:
Semi-colon
Main clause
A clause that can exist on its own as
a simple sentence
You can see the hills.
Subordinate
clause
A clause that needs to be attached to
a main clause to make full sense
He enjoyed his meal until he
saw the chef.
Adjective
A word or phrase that modifies a noun
or pronoun
An old man shouted from a
terraced house.
Adverb
A word or phrase that modifies a verb,
adjective or another adverb
The man spoke very loudly.
Use a semi-colon to connect independent clauses in a
compound sentence.
Our example: She came hurtling round the corner; the accident wasn't a surprise.
Your example:
Colon
Place a colon before a list of items and preceding an explanation or
example. Several have been used on this page.
Our example: I like the following colours: purple, pink and yellow.
Your example:
Inverted commas
Use inverted commas to enclose direct speech.
Our example: “We’ve made a mistake,” she said, “we must go back.”
Your example:
Words to talk about texts
Apostrophes
TERM
DEFINITION
Fact
Information that can be proved to be correct
Opinion
A personal viewpoint which is not necessarily based on fact
Purpose
The reason why a text has been written
Target audience
The group of people a text aims to communicate with
Your example:
Exam focuses
These are some of the main skills needed for exams that test reading.
Layout
Positioning material on the page to create the best effect
EXAM SKILL
TYPE OF READING NEEDED
Presentation
The use of techniques such as headings, changes in font or
graphics to add extra meaning to the text
Identify relevant points
or information.
Skimming quickly through a text to pick out the material needed
to form an answer to a question.
Word choice
The word selection a writer makes to influence the reader’s response
Sentence structure
The ways in which the writer changes sentence organisation to
influence the reader
Follow arguments & explain Reading ‘between the lines’ to find the clues, then using your
the writer’s viewpoints.
own words to summarise or explain the writer’s ideas.
Imagery
The use of techniques such as similes, metaphors and
personification to create pictures in the reader’s mind
Comment on the effects
of layout, structure
and presentation.
Scanning to form an impression of how the text as a whole
affects the reader. ‘Reading with a writer’s eye’ to analyse the
effects of individual devices used.
Phonology
Techniques using the effects of the sounds of words such as
onomatopoeia, alliteration and assonance
Comment on the effects
of language techniques.
Reading ‘with a writer’s eye’ to analyse the different techniques
a writer uses and explain the effect that they have on the reader.
Description
Literacy (page 1)
172
Apostrophes are used where letters have been omitted,
or to indicate possession.
Our examples: I’ll (I will) try to get finished. He can’t (cannot) run very fast. Men’s
clothes are on sale today. These are the girls’ toys.
Design Right and Copyright © 2023 Penstripe
Page Ref.
Y5-1
Description
Literacy (page 2)
Page Ref.
Y5-2
DesignRight
Rightand
andCopyright
Copyright©©1997,
1997,2016
2016Penstripe
PenstripeY1Y5
Design
Design
DesignRight
Rightand
andCopyright
Copyright©©1997,
1997,2016
2016Penstripe
PenstripeY1Y5
These terms will help you understand and discuss the skills you use in your reading and writing.
