Procedural Guide - Book - Page 8
works designer.
Design review
An evaluation of the design deliverables to make sure they comply with the
requirements set out in the design brief.
Design statement
A document prepared by the designer outlining the design requirements, means by
which the design will be developed, assumptions, method of analysis, other controls
and potential to affect / impact operational infrastructure.
Designated
individual (DI)
A senior person in an organisation with responsibility for establishing, implementing
and maintaining a procedure for the control of temporary works for that organization.
Dynamic wind
pressure
The transformation of wind to dynamic energy when it is stopped by a surface. The
pressure acting on the surface transforms to a force.
Effective length
Used in determining buckling resistance of a column (or beam) under compression.
Effective wind
pressure
The force exerted on a structure by the wind, taking into account the air density and
wind velocity per unit area of the structure.
Elastic limit
The maximum stress a material can withstand before being permanently deformed.
ERIC
An acronym used to identify a hierarchy for control measures for the design process
to eliminate or mitigate risks (eliminate, reduce, inform, control or eliminate, reduce,
isolate, control).
Eurocodes
A set of harmonised technical rules developed by the European Committee for
Standardization for the structural design of
construction works in the European Union.
Execution risk (ER)
Risks associated with the construction, use and removal of the temporary works relate
to such aspects as workmanship, materials, experience and manner of use.
Factor of safety
The ratio of failure load to the maximum working load.
Falsework
A temporary structure used to support a permanent structure under construction until
such time as the permanent structure is self- supporting.
Fill
Material used to raise the level of an area, eg ash, rubble.
Force
An external agent with magnitude and a direction capable of changing the state of rest
or motion of a body.
Formation
The surface of the ground in its final shape, before concreting, but after earthworks.
Formwork
The mould into which concrete is poured in order to form a required shape of given
dimensions. May be temporary or partly/wholly permanent.
Foundation
A construction for transmitting forces to the supporting ground.
Granular soil
Soil that predominantly has relatively large angular grains, such as sands and gravels,
whose strength is determined by the matrix being held together under its own weight
(or applied load).
Ground
The soil, rock, and fill existing in place before the execution of construction works.
Ground anchor
Temporary or permanent device installed at ground level which, when loaded, exerts
pressure on a cone of the ground that surrounds its length, providing good resistance
to movement. Permanent ground anchors can be up to 70m in length, with a capacity
more than 3,000 kN.
Ground bearing
pressure
The ultimate (unfactored) bearing capacity the ground can withstand against a load
without exceeding the maximum allowable settlement.
Groundwater
Water contained within, or flowing through, the pores and fabric of soil and fissures in
rock. Groundwater is water that has infiltrated the ground surface and penetrated to
the underlying strata and in particular, the water that is contained in the soil or rocks
below the water table.
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