Azaghvana E-Book 2003 - Flipbook - Page 372
Plate 48b: TSKUMA and ƊIRA – presumably also worn during dzum zugune
Women used tskuma (a) and ɗira (b) together, but the
men only wore the tskuma element. While the men put
the tskuma around the back of the neck, the women
wore tskuma and ɗira over their breasts. Both married
and unmarried men and women wore these objects for
traditional dances and funerals. The tskuma element is
made from aluminium strips, fixed round wire and
sewn with a strip. Two rows of red and yellow beads
are attached across the front of the tskuma, while the
back (c) shows two open semispherical shapes in the
centre. We can be more or less sure that they were
worn by men and women during dzum zugune.
Objects worn on wrist:
Plate 49a: DING MADAKWA – presumably also worn during dzum zugune
Bracelet for the wrist. Worn by men and women for
dancing and funerals. It is made from aluminium and cast
or forged into a circular shape with several rounded
grooves which have some indentations for decoration. It
is open on one side. The bands are tied together on the
closed side (a) with fibre string.
Plate 49b: DING DAWANA – presumably also worn during dzum zugune
Bracelet worn on the wrist. For traditional dances, funerals
and everyday life, worn by both men and women. A lost wax
brass casting. It is decorated with rounded grooves
alternating with spiral decoration. At the centre is a spiral
with a knob. There are enhanced versions, as seen in our
example with four spirals surrounding the centre knob.
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It is open at the side and has at
each end a circular decoration.
