LFO Teacher's Guide - Book - Page 24
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Classify and Categorize Information is classified and categorized based on information
that is read or heard. This activity is not quite as easy as it sounds since the ability to
categorize or classify is based on a complete understanding of the language and the
concepts. The students are taught to categorize and classify through different topics as
they appear in the book, starting off simply and becoming more sophisticated.
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Compare and Contrast This is used to highlight the similarities and differences
between two things. It is a process in which the act of classification is practiced.
Compare and Contrast is used to help students distinguish between types of ideas or
groups of ideas. It can be used to help students identify language cues, clarify thinking
and define ideas.
It is often presented in written texts, paragraphs or charts (for example, page 133 of
the Student's Book). Its most common use is as a graphic organizer of content, as
presented in the Workbook.
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Infer The ability to make inferences is, in simple terms, the ability to use two or more
pieces of information from a text in order to arrive at a third piece of information that
is implicit. Inference can be as simple as associating the pronoun ‘he’ with a previously
mentioned male person. Alternatively, it can be as complex as understanding a subtle
implicit message, conveyed through the choice of particular vocabulary by the writer
and drawing on the reader’s own background knowledge. Inferencing skills are
important for reading comprehension and also more widely in the area of literary
criticism and other approaches to studying texts.
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Integrate The integration of information to create something new that is directly
connected to what was discussed or learned is very important. Taking information
from a number of different places, integrating it and making it something else shows
great comprehension and an ability to use the knowledge wisely.
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Generate Possibilities Taking information from something heard or read and using that
information to create new possibilities for what might happen in the text, what might
be an alternative ending, solution, situation, etc. gives the students a chance to truly
take their comprehension to a high level. The students are given an opportunity to
express their ideas, using the language at their disposal, based on the text they have
been working on.
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Make Connections The students are asked to make connections between the parts of
the story or text they are reading or between the text and their prior knowledge.
Making these connections enables the students to express comprehension at a much
higher level as they can show their understanding of how the parts of the text are
linked to each other.
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