الإنتاج البحثي لأعضاء هيئة التدريس بالكلية V.8 - Flipbook - Page 198
assessing the five dimensions of psychic income. Six months before the event, data were collected
from the host city residents (n= 280). Participants were divided into three subgroups based on
residents’ nationality (Qatari nationals, Arab nationals excluding the Qatari ones, and non-Arab
nationals). Following confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modelling (SEM),
the results indicated that residents’ perceptions were positively associated with the psychic income
dimensions. The community attachment dimension had the highest score in weight contributing to
the total of psychic income, followed by community pride and event excitement. Within subgroups,
community attachment and event excitement dimensions were significantly different. Results show
that locals had a higher positive impact compared to regional and international residents,
respectively. These findings are useful for Qatar decision-makers and support their strategies in
involving neighbouring countries in the event. The results also support FIFA’s strategies in
implementing a new direction for future co-host countries, as is the case of the co-hosting of the
2026 tournament and the 2036 bid, which has relevance for the MENA region.
(4) Ishac, W., & Swart, K. (2022). Social impact projections for Qatar youth residents from
2022: The case of the IAAF 2019. Frontiers in sports and active living, 4, 922997.
While sport is playing an increasingly important role in society in the Middle East, there has been
limited research on the perceived social impact of the hosting of major international events in this
region. This study evaluates the main factors affecting youth residents' perceptions of hosting major
international sport events, by measuring the psychic income in particular, generated within
subgroups shaping their support toward hosting these events. Psychic income refers to the
emotional and psychological benefit residents perceive they receive from hosting an international
sport event. The study is of significance within the context of residents' perceptions studies given
that the large majority of residents in Qatar are non-Qataris. Furthermore, the youth were the target
population for this study given that they have been identified as the custodians of the next
generation and as an essential force in molding national development; and extends the few
residents' perception studies in Qatar which comprised the general population. Using the 2019
IAAF Athletics World championships as an example, a framework by Kim and Walker was
adopted. Data were collected from 316 university students' from different nationalities residing in
Qatar; a month after the event took place. After conducting confirmatory factor analysis, this study
was subject to structural equation modeling. Overall, the results show that the perceived impact on
Qatari youth nationals was higher compared to Arab youth, and non-Arab youth, respectively.
Likewise, the perceived impact was higher for females compared to males. By evaluating the
psychic income received by youth from different nationalities residing in Qatar, this study provides
decision-makers and organizers with a better understanding of the outcome generated from hosting
major international sport events, and how they can leverage these going forward. Of importance is
that even if youth residents do not attend the event in person, these events may still generate positive
psychic income which is particular relevant to the 2022 FIFA World Cup given the limitations
related to purchasing tickets. With Qatar establishing itself as a regional sport hub by attracting a
diverse range of international sport events, a cumulative approach to understanding psychic income
is recommended.
(5) Amara, M., & Ishac, W. (2021). Sport and development in Qatar: International and regional
dynamics of sport mega-events. In Sport and Development in Emerging Nations (pp. 141-153).
Routledge.
.ﻟﻼطﻼع ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻠﺨﺺ اﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﯾﺮﺟﻰ اﻟﺮﺟﻮع اﻟﻰ ﻣﻠﺨﺺ اﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ اﻟﺮﺋﯿﺲ د ﻣﺤﻔﻮظ ﻋﻤﺎرة
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