BS 5975 2019 Extract - Flipbook - Page 21
BRITISH STANDARD
BS 5975:2019
Symbol
Meaning
Unit
T
Topographical factor
non-dimensional
Max. thickness of compression flange
Tmax
mm
ts
Web stiffener thickness
mm
tw
Web thickness
mm
U
Concrete cube strength
N/mm2
Vb
Basic wind speed for the site
m/s
vb
Basic wind speed
m/s
ve
Effective wind speed
m/s
VH
Hourly mean wind speed at reference height H
m/s
Vs
Design wind speed
m/s
vs
Site wind speed
m/s
Vw
Speed of water flow
m/s
W
Applied vertical load
N
w
Force applied per unit volume of water
kN/m3
Ww
Max. wind force during working operations
m/s
X
Depth of bracing panel
mm
³
Soil density
kg/m3
³f
Partial safety factor for loads
non-dimensional
³m
Partial safety factor for resistances
non-dimensional
&b
Out-of-straightness of a beam
mm
&v
Inclination from vertical
mm
&s
Out-of-straightness of a column or strut
mm
·
Shielding factor
non-dimensional
»
Angle from horizontal
degrees
¿
Coefficient of static friction
non-dim
Shear stress
N/mm2
Angle of internal friction
degrees
Mathematical function
non-dimensional
Ç
×
Ç
5 Overview of temporary works procedures and training
5.1
5.1.1
5.1.1.1
Overview of procedures
General
Temporary works can be described as providing an "engineered solution" that is used to support or
protect either an existing structure or the permanent works during construction, or to support an
item of plant or equipment, or the vertical sides or side-slopes of an excavation during construction
operations on site or to provide access. It is used to control stability, strength, deflection, fatigue,
geotechnical effects and hydraulic effects within defined limits.
This description of temporary works includes, but is not limited to:
a)
b)
supporting or protecting either an existing structure or the permanent works during
construction, modification or demolition;
provision of stability to the permanent structure during construction, pre-weakening or
demolition (e.g. propping, shoring, facade retention etc.);
© THE BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION 2019 3 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED#13
